View source for Integer constants

Integer Constant
Integer constants are numbers directly used in programs, such as 123. By default, these numbers are taken as int, and you can also give more limitations with U and L（see below）. Normally, int constants are decimal by default, and you can add special prefixes to transform them into other radixes. 
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Radix 			Example 		Format 		Remark
10（Decimal） 	         123 		        No 	
2（Binary） 	         B1111011 	        Prefix'B' 	Only apply to 8-bit value （0 to 255）. Char 0-1 are valid. 
8（Octal） 	         0173 		        Prefix”0” 	Char 0-7 are valid. 
16（Hexadecimal）	  0x7B 		        Prefix”0x” 	Char 0-9, A-F, and A-F are valid 
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What is a mathematical sense is that decimals are decimal numbers. If a number hasn’t a specific prefix, it is decimal by default. 

Binary takes 2 as base, and only 0 and 1 are effective.

*'''Example'''
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101  //It is equal to decimal 5（1*2^2 + 0*2^1 + 1*2^0）
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Binary can only be 8-bit, which is to say that it cna only represent numbers during 0-255. If inputting binary numbers is more convenient, you can take the following way：
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myInt = (B11001100 * 256) + B10101010;    // B11001100 as high bit. 
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Octal is based on 8, and only 0-7 are valid characters. Prefixion“0”（numerical 0）represents that the value is octal. 
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0101    // It is equal to the decimal number 65   ((1 * 8^2) + (0 * 8^1) + 1) 
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Warning:Octal prefixion 0 is likely to produce mistakes which are difficult to find, because you may put a“0” in front of a constant by mistake, which is tragic. 
Hexadecimal is based on 16, and the valid characters are 0-9 and A-F. Hexadecimal numbers are represented by the prefixion “0x”. Please pay attention that A-F aren’t case-insensitive, which is to say that you can also use a-f.

*'''Example'''
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0x101   // It is equal to decimal 257   ((1 * 16^2) + (0 * 16^1) + 1)
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U & L format 

By default, integer constants are taken as int. If you want to transform int constants into other types, please follow the following rules：

*'''u''' or'''U'''  specify a constant as unsigned（it can only represents positive numbers and 0） , for example: 33u
*'''l''' or'''L'''  specify a constant as long int（represent a broader range of the number） , for example: 100000L
*'''ul''' or '''UL''' , you know, is the above two types, called unsigned long int. For example：32767ul

[[https://wiki.microduino.cc/index.php/Arduino_Syntax_Manual Return to Arduino Syntax Manual]]