Difference between revisions of "Arduino Grammar Handbook"

Latest revision as of 03:26, 4 August 2016

Language:	English • 中文

Programs of Arduino can be divided into three main parts：Structures, variables（variables and constants） and functions

Structure/Main structure
- setup()
- loop()
- Control Structures
  - if
  - if...else
  - for
  - switch case
  - while
  - do... while
  - break
  - continue
  - return
  - goto
- Further Syntax
  - ; (semicolon)
  - {}
  - //
  - /* */ (Block comment)
  - #define
  - #include
- Arithmetic Operators/Arithmetic operator
  - = (Basic assignment)
  - + (Addition)
  - - (Subtraction)
  - * (Multiplication)
  - / (Division)
  - % (Modulo)
- Comparison Operators/Comparison Operator
  - == (Equal to)
  - != (Not equal to)
  - <
  - >
  - <=
  - >=
- Boolean Operators
  - && (Logical AND)
  - [[|| (Logical OR)]]
  - ! (Logical negation)
- Pointer Access Operators
  - * Indirection
  - &Address of
- Bitwise Operators
  - & (Bitwise AND)
  - (Bitwise OR)
  - ^ (Bitwise XOR)
  - ~ (Bitwise NOT)
  - [[<< (Bitwise left shift)]]
  - [[>> (Bitwise right shift)]]
- Compound Operators
  - ++ (Self-add)
  - -- (Self-decrease)
  - +=
  - -=
  - *=
  - /=
  - %=
  - &=
  - |=

Variables
- Constants
  - HIGH | LOW
  - INPUT | OUTPUT
  - true | false
  - Integer constants
  - Floating-point constants
- Data Types
  - void
  - boolean
  - char
  - unsigned char
  - byte
  - int
  - unsigned int
  - word
  - long
  - unsigned long
  - short
  - float
  - double
  - string - char array
  - String - object
  - array
- Conversion
  - char()
  - byte()
  - int()
  - word()
  - long()
  - float()
- Variable scope& Modifier
  - variable scope
  - static
  - volatile
  - const
- Utilities
  - sizeof()
  - ASCII Codes

Functions
- Digital I/O
  - pinMode()
  - digitalWrite()
  - digitalRead()
- Analog I/O
  - analogReference()
  - analogRead()
  - analogWrite() - PWM
- Advanced I/O
  - tone()
  - noTone()
  - shiftOut()
  - shiftIn()
  - pulseIn()
- Time
  - millis()
  - micros()
  - delay()
  - delayMicroseconds()
- Math/Arithmetical operation
  - min()
  - max()
  - abs()
  - constrain()
  - map()
  - pow()
  - sqrt()
- Trigonometry
  - sin()
  - cos()
  - tan()
- Random Numbers
  - randomSeed()
  - random()
- Bits and Bytes
  - lowByte()
  - highByte()
  - bitRead()
  - bitWrite()
  - bitSet()
  - bitClear()
  - bit()
- External Interrupts
  - attachInterrupt()
  - detachInterrupt()
- Interrupts/Interrupt of switch
  - interrupts()
  - noInterrupts()
- Communication
  - Serial
  - Stream

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