Difference between revisions of "Lesson 2--Microduino "Multiple LEDs""

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==Objective==
 
==Objective==
Have learned how to control a LED, now we can go on learn how to control multiple led flashing turn.
+
After Lesson 1, you now know how to control a single LED. In this lesson, we will learn how to light up multiple LEDs in awesome patterns.
  
 
==Equipment==
 
==Equipment==
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*'''[[Microduino-FT232R]]'''
 
*'''[[Microduino-FT232R]]'''
 
*Other hardware equipment
 
*Other hardware equipment
**Breadboard Jumper            one box   
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**1x Box of breadboard jumper wires
**Breadboard               one piece
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**1x Breadboard  
**LED Light-emitting diodes    eight 
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**8x LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) 
**220ohm resistor       eight
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**1x 220ohm resistor  
**USB Data cable               one
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**1x USB Data cable
  
 
[[File:lesson2All.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
 
[[File:lesson2All.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
  
==Experimental schematic==
+
==Experiment Schematic==
*led cathode connected GND of Microduino, anode connect to digital I/O port D3 ~ D10, this is the high light led.
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As you may recall from Lesson 1, there are two ways of connecting the LEDs.
*led cathode connected to Microduino digital I/O port D3 ~ D10, anode connected VCC of Microduino, so that low-level light led.
+
*Method One: Connect the negative ends (cathodes) of the LEDs to the GND port of Microduino and connect the positive ends (anodes) to digital I/O ports D3~D10. High level connection.
In fact, this is the some principle as Nixie tube control of common cathode and common anode, we will give detailed introduction for how derive Nixie tube.
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*Method Two: Connect the cathodes to the digital I/O ports D3~D10 and the anodes to VCC. Low level connection.  
  
 
[[File:schematic2.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
 
[[File:schematic2.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
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</source>
 
</source>
  
*Using 16-band array, the output data is shifted to the each I / O port, synchronized flow
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*Using a hexadecimal-based array, the output data is shifted to each I/O port, allowing the user to create countless patterns with ease.
 
<source lang="cpp">
 
<source lang="cpp">
 
/*===============================================
 
/*===============================================
ox(High-low:10,9,8,7)(High-low:6,5,4,3)
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1 means LED is on. 0 means LED is off.
Example
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Example:
 
0x81:10000001
 
0x81:10000001
 
10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3
 
10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3
↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓
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↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
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1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
In common cathode that all led cathode are connected together, 1 on behalf of on, 0 for off,
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The LEDs connected to ports 10 and 3 in this case would be on.
then use number in the array to control the LED.
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=================================================*/
 
=================================================*/
 
long  data[]=
 
long  data[]=
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x represents the microduino I/O port corresponding hexadecimal bit,  
 
x represents the microduino I/O port corresponding hexadecimal bit,  
 
0 is the lowest bit, bit 7 is the highest bit.  
 
0 is the lowest bit, bit 7 is the highest bit.  
Then the shifted data with with 0x01 bitwise AND operation and you can get a certain hexadecimal data (0 or 1),
+
Then, use the bitwise AND operation with the shifted data and 0x01 to get the corresponding binary digit at port x (0 or 1).   
then the value assigned to microduino of I/O port.   
 
 
  ====================================================================*/
 
  ====================================================================*/
 
   digitalWrite(3, ((num>>0)&0x01));
 
   digitalWrite(3, ((num>>0)&0x01));
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}
 
}
 
</source>
 
</source>
This experiment similar with the 51 microcontroller running water light writing, assign the hexadecimal array values to the I/O port to light the LED. Such as 0x18 is equivalent to binary 00011000, the corresponding value to "1" on, "0" off. You can write all kinds of tricks randomly.
+
Comparing the two programs, the first looks simple, has only one pattern, and is very limited.The second program is optimized. Using an array, the hexadecimal number's each bit is assigned to the specified I/O port. Waterfall LED designs can be created using the second program.
 
 
Compared two experiments, the first experiment looks simple, single effect, and the output port must be continuous, and the limitation is very big.The second experiment is optimized, using an array, the hexadecimal number's each bit is assigned to the specified I/O port, can realize water light designs.
 
 
 
  
 
==Result==
 
==Result==
 
*Program 1
 
*Program 1
From left to right in turn cycle lit each led
+
LED lights are turned on and off from left to right one at a time.
 
*Program 2
 
*Program 2
You can see five pattern effect:From left to right light,From right to left light,Both sides to the middle and middle to both sides bright light,Lit from left to right and From right to left extinguished.
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A total of five patterns:
 +
#LEDs turn on and off from left to right
 +
#LEDs turn on and off from right to left
 +
#LEDs turn on and off from both ends to the middle and middle to both ends
 +
#LEDs are all lit from left to right
 +
#LEDs are extinguished from right to left.
  
 +
[[File:lesson2Result1.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
 +
[[File:lesson2Result2.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
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[[File:lesson2Result3.jpg|600px|center|thumb]]
  
 
==Video==
 
==Video==
 
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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNzA5OTk3MjI4.html
 
|}
 
|}

Latest revision as of 18:03, 14 July 2015

Language: English  • 中文

Objective

After Lesson 1, you now know how to control a single LED. In this lesson, we will learn how to light up multiple LEDs in awesome patterns.

Equipment

  • Microduino-Core
  • Microduino-FT232R
  • Other hardware equipment
    • 1x Box of breadboard jumper wires
    • 1x Breadboard
    • 8x LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes)
    • 1x 220ohm resistor
    • 1x USB Data cable
Lesson2All.jpg

Experiment Schematic

As you may recall from Lesson 1, there are two ways of connecting the LEDs.

  • Method One: Connect the negative ends (cathodes) of the LEDs to the GND port of Microduino and connect the positive ends (anodes) to digital I/O ports D3~D10. High level connection.
  • Method Two: Connect the cathodes to the digital I/O ports D3~D10 and the anodes to VCC. Low level connection.
Schematic2.jpg

Program

  • Using I/O port output directly
void setup() {                
//Define microduino digital I/O port D3~D10 as output   
  for(int i=3;i<11;i++)
  pinMode(i, OUTPUT);     
}
void loop() {
  for(int i=3;i<11;i++)
  {
  digitalWrite(i, HIGH); // Digital I/O port i(D3~D10) outputs high
  delay(50);            //delay 50ms  
  digitalWrite(i, LOW); //// Digital I/O port i(D3~D10) outputs low
  delay(50);           //delay 50ms    
  }
}
  • Using a hexadecimal-based array, the output data is shifted to each I/O port, allowing the user to create countless patterns with ease.
/*===============================================
1 means LED is on. 0 means LED is off.
Example:
0x81:10000001
10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3
 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
The LEDs connected to ports 10 and 3 in this case would be on.

=================================================*/
long  data[]=
{
  0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,//From left to right light
  0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,//From right to left light
  0x81,0x42,0x24,0x18,0x18,0x24,0x42,0x81,//Both sides to the middle and middle to both sides bright light
  0x01,0x03,0x07,0x0f,0x1f,0x3f,0x7f,0xff,//Lit from left to right
  0xff,0x7f,0x3f,0x1f,0x0f,0x07,0x03,0x01,//From right to left extinguished
};

void setup() 
{                
  for(int x=3;x<11;x++) 
  {
    pinMode(x,OUTPUT);//Set the output pin
  }  
}


void loop() 
{
  for(int x=0;x<40;x++)//Reading different pattern's lights
  {
    leddisplay(data[x]);
    delay(200); //Every state displays 200ms
  }
  leddisplay(0x00);//Cycle is completed, then all extinguished
  delay(200);
}

void leddisplay(int num)    // Mapping the pattern matrix to the port display
{
/*====================================================================
Firstly right shift the hexadecimal number x bits (num >> x), 
x represents the microduino I/O port corresponding hexadecimal bit, 
0 is the lowest bit, bit 7 is the highest bit. 
Then, use the bitwise AND operation with the shifted data and 0x01 to get the corresponding binary digit at port x (0 or 1).  
 ====================================================================*/
  digitalWrite(3, ((num>>0)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(4, ((num>>1)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(5, ((num>>2)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(6, ((num>>3)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(7, ((num>>4)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(8, ((num>>5)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(9,((num>>6)&0x01));
  digitalWrite(10,((num>>7)&0x01));
}

Comparing the two programs, the first looks simple, has only one pattern, and is very limited.The second program is optimized. Using an array, the hexadecimal number's each bit is assigned to the specified I/O port. Waterfall LED designs can be created using the second program.

Result

  • Program 1

LED lights are turned on and off from left to right one at a time.

  • Program 2

A total of five patterns:

  1. LEDs turn on and off from left to right
  2. LEDs turn on and off from right to left
  3. LEDs turn on and off from both ends to the middle and middle to both ends
  4. LEDs are all lit from left to right
  5. LEDs are extinguished from right to left.
Lesson2Result1.jpg
Lesson2Result2.jpg
Lesson2Result3.jpg

Video

http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNzA5OTk3MjI4.html