Lesson 5--Microduino “LED Brightness and Potentiometer PWM”

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Objective

In the last lesson, we used a button to generate PWM to control the LED. Now, we will use a precision potentiometer to control the LED. The difference between the two is that a button uses a digital signal (0 and 1) to control the LED. A potentiometer uses an analog signal to generate PWM which is a linear change of state, so the LED's brightness can be changed clearly and gradually. Another downside of using a button is that electronic interference can cause unintended noise. That was why we had to add a pull-up/pull down resistor to our button.


Lesson5All.jpg

Equipment

  • Microduino-Core
  • Microduino-FT232R
  • Other hardware equipment
    • 1x Box of breadboard jumper wires
    • 1x Breadboard
    • 1x LED
    • 1x 220Ω resistor
    • 1x Precision potentiometer
    • 1x USB Data cable

Experiment Schematic

Lesson 5-schematic.jpg
  • Connecting the Potentiometer

The LED connects to any PWM output pin. The center pin of the potentiometer connects to analog ports A0 ~ A5. The potentiometer's other two pins connect to GND and 5V. The analog interface can measure 0-5V, and analogRead() returns corresponding values 0-1024.

Program

void setup()
{
  pinMode(3,OUTPUT); //Choose the PWM output Port
}
void loop()
{
  int val= analogRead(A0);      //Read the analog port A0's value(voltage range is 0-5V,corresponding value is 0-1204)
  val = map(val, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
  //We want to map the analog value(0~1024)to(0~255) since the max PWM value is 255.
  analogWrite(3, val);
}

map() function

  • Function: Maps a certain range of values to a different range
  • Parameters: map(value, fromLow, fromHigh, toLow, toHigh)
    • value: value to be mapped
    • fromLow: Start value of source range
    • fromHigh: End value of source range
    • toLow: Start value of target range
    • toHigh: End value of target range

Result

As you turn the potentiometer, the LED's brightness changes gradually.

Lesson5Result1.jpg
Lesson5Result2.jpg

Video

http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNzA5OTk1Mzky.html